Privileges sudo command - run command as root sudo su - open a root shell sudo su user - open a shell as user sudo -k - forget sudo passwords gksudo command - visual sudo dialog (GNOME) kdesudo command - visual sudo dialog (KDE) sudo visudo - edit /etc/sudoers gksudo nautilus - root file manager (GNOME) kdesudo konqueror - root file manager (KDE) passwd - change your password Display sudo /etc/init.d/gdm restart - restart X (GNOME) sudo /etc/init.d/kdm restart - restart X (KDE) (file) /etc/X11/xorg.conf - display configuration sudo dpkg-reconfigure -phigh xserver-xorg - reset X configuration Ctrl+Alt+Bksp - restart X display if frozen Ctrl+Alt+FN - switch to tty N Ctrl+Alt+F7 - switch back to X display This command will usually tell you the vendor and model of your graphic card list lspci lspci -v lspci -v | less System Services start service - start job service (Upstart) stop service - stop job service (Upstart) status service - check if service is running (Upstart) /etc/init.d/servic
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